Keywords
ferromanganese crusts
phosphate-clay material
Section
Abstract
Nine cosmic I-type spherules were found in undisturbed occurrence in polished preparations from the ferromanganese crust of the Alba guyot (Magellan Seamounts). They consist of Fe oxides and sometimes contain a core of Fe and Ni alloy. The spherules are 40–250 μm in size. The spherules are in porous phosphatic clay material filling the spaces between columns composed of Fe and Mn oxyhydroxides. Phosphates in the matrix containing the spherules are mainly represented by bone debris. Barite grains, zeolites, and foraminifers were found. The presence of spherules in situ in the Fe-Mn crust excludes contamination during sample preparation and indicates that the spherules accumulated almost simultaneously with the host layer. Spherules from crushed crusts of Alba and Fedorov guyots were also studied; the presence of a ferromanganese shell with a concentric-layered structure was noted in some of them.
References
Бадюков Д.Д., Брандштеттер Ф., Топа Д. Тонкозернистые шлаковидные и непереплавленные микрометеориты: их источники и связь с космическими сферулами // Геохимия. 2018. № 11. С. 1027–1040. https://doi.org/10.1134/S001675251811002X [Badyukov D.D., Brandstaetter F., Topa D. Fine-grained scoriaceous and unmelted micrometeorites: sources and relationships with cosmic spherules // Geochemistry International. 2018. V. 56. P. 1071–1083. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016702918110022].
Бадюков Д.Д., Иванов А.В., Райтала Й., Хисина Н.Р. Сферические микрочастицы из района Тунгусского события: может ли их источником быть Тунгусское космическое тело? // Геохимия. 2011. № 7. С. 675–689 [Badyukov D.D., Ivanov A.V., Raitala J., Khisina N.R. Spherules from the Tunguska event site: Could they originate from the Tunguska Cosmic Body? // Geochemistry International. 2011. V. 49. P. 641–653].
Батурин Г.Н. Фосфатонакопление в океане. М.: Наука, 2004. 464 с. [Baturin G.N. Phosphate accumulation in the Ocean / Moscow: Nauka, 2004. 464 p. (in Russian)].
Дубинин А.В. Геохимия редкоземельных элементов в океане / Под ред. Волкова И.И. М.: Наука, 2006. 360 с. [Dubinin A.V. Rare earth element geochemistry in the ocean / Moscow: Nauka, 2006. 360 p. (in Russian)].
Мельников М.Е. Месторождения кобальтоносных марганцевых корок. Геленджик: ФГУП ГНЦ «Южморгеология», 2005. 230 с. [Mel’nikov M.E. Deposits of cobalt-rich manganese crusts. Gelendzhik: Federal State Unitary Enterprise State Scientific Center «Yuzhmorgeologiya», 2005. 230 p. (in Russian)].
Мельников М.Е., Плетнев С.П. Возраст и условия формирования кобальтоносных марганцевых корок на гайотах Магеллановых гор // Литология и полезные ископаемые. 2013. № 1. С. 3–16 [Melnikov M.E., Pletnev S.P. Age and formation conditions of the Co-rich manganese crust on guyots of the Magellan seamounts // Lithology and Mineral Resources. 2013. V. 48. № 1. P. 1–13].
Печерский Д.М., Кузина Д.М., Марков Г.П., Цельмович В.А. Самородное железо на Земле и в космосе // Физика земли. 2017. № 5. С. 44–62. https://doi.org/10.7868/S0002333717030085 [Pechersky D.M., Kuzina D.M., Markov G.P., Tsel’movich V.A. Native iron in the Earth and space // Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth. 2017. V. 53. P. 658–676. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1069351317030089.
Савельев Д.П., Савельева О.Л., Москалева С.В., Рашидов В.А. Состав космогенных сферул из железомарганцевых корок Магеллановых гор // Геохимия. 2022. Т. 67. № 5. С. 413–422. https://doi.org/10.31857/ S0016752522050090 [Savelyev D.P., Savelyeva O.L., Moskaleva S.V., Rashidov V.A. Composition of Cosmic Spherules from Ferromanganese Crusts of the Magellan Seamounts // Geochemistry International. 2022. V. 60. № 5. P. 411–420. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016702922050081].
Савельев Д.П., Ханчук А.И., Савельева О.Л. и др. Первая находка платины в космогенных сферулах железомарганцевых корок (гайот Федорова, Магеллановы горы, Тихий океан) // Доклады Российской Академии наук. Науки о Земле. 2020. Т. 491. № 2. С. 15–19. https://doi.org/10.31857/S2686739720040155 [Savelyev D.P., Khanchuk A.I., Savelyeva O.L. et al. First Find of Platinum in Cosmogenic Spherules of Ferromanganese Crusts (Fedorov Guyot, Magellan Seamounts, Pacific Ocean) // Doklady Earth Sciences. 2020. V. 491. № 2. P. 199–203). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X20040157].
Савельева О.Л., Савельев Д.П. Платиноносность железомарганцевых корок с гайотов и разломных зон прикамчатской акватории Тихого океана // Вулканизм и связанные с ним процессы. Материалы XXVI ежегодной научной конференции, посвященной Дню вулканолога, 30-31 марта 2023 г. Петропавловск-Камчатский: ИВиС ДВО РАН, 2023. С. 176–178 [Savelyeva O.L., Savelyev D.P. Platinum content of ferromanganese crusts from guyots and fault zones of the near Kamchatka area of the Pacific Ocean // Volcanism and related processes. Proceedings of the XXVI annual scientific conference dedicated to the Volcanologist Day, March, 30-31, 2023. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: IVS FEB RAS, 2023. P. 176–178].
Сандимирова Е.И., Главатских С.Ф., Рычагов С.Н. Магнитные сферулы из вулканогенных пород Курильских островов и Южной Камчатки // Вестник КРАУНЦ. Науки о Земле. 2003. № 1. С. 135–140 [Sandimirova E.I., Glavatskikh S.F., Rychagov S.N. Magnetic spherules from volcanogenic rocks of the Kuril Islands and southern Kamchatka // Vestnik KRAUNTs. 2003. № 1. P. 135–140 (in Russian)].
Торохов М.П., Мельников М.Е. Акцессорные минералы в гидрогенных железомарганцевых корках Тихого океана — россыпной механизм накопления // Доклады Академии Наук. 2005. Т. 405. № 4. С. 511–513 [Torokhov M.P., Mel’nikov M.E. Accessory minerals from hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts of the pacific ocean: placer accumulation mechanism // Doklady Earth Sciences. 2005. V. 405A. № 9. P. 1288–1290].
Bi D., Morton R.D., Wang K. Cosmic nickel-iron alloy spherules from Pleistocene sediments, Alberta, Canada // Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 1993. V. 57. № 16. P. 4129–4136. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(93)90359-5
Brownlee D.E., Bates D.A., Wheelock M.M. Extraterrestrial platinum group nuggets in deep sea sediments // Nature. 1984. V. 309. № 5970. P. 693–695. https://doi.org/10.1038/309693a0
Clayton R.N., Mayeda T.M., Brownlee D.E. Oxygen isotopes in deep-sea spherules // Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 1986. V. 79. № 3–4. P. 235–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(86)90181-0
Dekov V.M., Molin G.M., Dimova M. et al. Cosmic spherules from metalliferous sediments: A long journey to the seafloor // Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie-Abhandlungen: Journal of Mineralogy and Geochemistry. 2007. V. 183. № 3. P. 269–282. https://doi.org/10.1127/0077-7757/2007/0073
Engrand C., McKeegan K.D., Leshin L.A. et al. Isotopic compositions oxygen, iron, chromium, and nickel in cosmic spherules: Toward a better comprehension of atmospheric entry heating effects // Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 2005. V. 69. № 22. P. 5365–5385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2005.07.002
Finkelman R.B. Magnetic particles extracted from manganese nodules: Suggested origin from stony and iron meteorites // Science. 1970. V. 167. № 3920. P. 982–984. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.167.3920.982
Genge M.J., Engrand C., Gounelle M., Taylor S. The classification of micrometeorites // Meteoritics and Planetary Science. 2008. V. 43. № 3. P. 497–515. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.2008.tb00668.x
Glasby G.P. Incorporation of Transition and Platinum Group Elements (PGE) in Co-rich Mn Crusts at Afanasiy-Nikitin Seamount (AFS) in the Equatorial S Indian Ocean // Resource Geology. 2010. V. 60. № 2. P. 212–215. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-3928.2010.00128.x
Halbach P., Kriete C., Prause В., Puteanus D. Mechanisms to explain the platinum concentration in ferromanganese seamount crusts // Chemical Geology. 1989. V. 76. № 1–2. P. 95–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(89)90130-7
Hein J.R., Mizell K., Koschinsky A., Conrad T.A. Deep-ocean mineral deposits as a source of critical metals for high- and green-technology applications: Comparison with land-based resources // Ore Geology Reviews. 2013. V. 51. P. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2012.12.001
Herzog G.F., Xue S., Hall G.S. et al. Isotopic and elemental composition of iron, nickel, and chromium in type I deep-sea spherules: Implications for origin and composition of the parent micrometeoroids // Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 1999. V. 63. № 9. P. 1443–1457. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00011-3
Murray S., Renard A.F. Report on deep-sea deposits based on the specimens collected during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger in the years 1872 to 1876. London: Neill and Co, 1891. 525 p.
Rudraswami N.G., Parashar K., Shyam Prasad M. Micrometer- and nanometer-sized platinum group nuggets in micrometeorites from deep-sea sediments of the Indian Ocean // Meteoritics and Planetary Science. 2011. V. 46. № 3. P. 470–491. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.2011.01169.x
Rudraswami N.G., Prasad M.S., Plane J.M.C. et al. Refractory metal nuggets in different types of cosmic spherules // Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 2014. V. 131. P. 247–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2014.01.026
Suttle M.D., Genge M.J. Diagenetically altered fossil micrometeorites suggest cosmic dust is common in the geological record // Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 2017. V. 476. P. 132–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.07.052
Vonderhaar D.L., McMurtry G.M. A geochemical interpretation of two ferromanganese crusts from Schumann seamount in the Hawaiian Archipelago // Atlas: Mineral Resource of the Sea Floor – Cobalt-Rich Manganese Crust, Tokai University Press, Simizu, Japan, 1990. P. 114–119.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 О.Л. Савельева, Д.П. Савельев, О.А. Зобенько, В.А. Рашидов